【干货】中考英语常考八种基本时态概念及用法归纳!附中考真题…(中考 英语)

初中阶段学习英语,让大家最苦恼的应该就是英语语法了吧!

很多同学一聊到语法就彻底蒙圈了

语法学习的确有些枯燥,但是对于考试却是非常地有用的。比如说中考就经常考到英语中的时态的应用:一般现在时,正在进行时、一般将来时……

相信有的同学听到这里已经晕了,大家不用担心,今天小编就帮大家梳理一下:八种基本时态的概念及用法。相信对你的英语学习会非常有用哦,看不完的同学可以先收藏哦~~~

1. 一般现在时

概念:表示经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态。

常和always , often , usually , sometimes , every day 等表时间的状语连用。

如:1) igo toschool every day . 我每天都去学校。(表经常

2) he is always like that . 他总是那样。 (表状态)

构成:

1) 主语 + be (am / are / is ) +……

2) 主语 + 实义动词/三单动词 + …

2.一般过去时

概念:1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态.

常和表示过去的时间状语连用. 如: yesterday , last week , in 1998 , two days ago等.

如: i went to a movie yesterday. 我昨天去看了一场电影.

2) 也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作.

如: he always went to work by bike last week.

构成:

1) 主语 + be (was / were ) +……

2) 主语 + 实义动词过去式 +

3. 现在进行时

概念: 表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作.

如: he is singing.

they are watching tv now.

构成:主语 + 助动词be(am/are/is) + 动词-ing形式构成.

4. 过去进行时

概念:表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作. 这一特定的过去时间除了有上下文暗示外,一般用时间状语来表示.

如:1) —what were you doing?

—i was jumping.

2) —what was the boy doing when the ufo arrived?

—he was sleeping.

构成:主语 + 助动词be(was/were) + 动词-ing形式构成.

5. 一般将来时

概念:表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态

也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作,常与表示将来的时间状语连用,

如: tomorrow, next week, next year, in the future等.

如:he will go shopping tomorrow.

they are going to play basketball next week.

构成:

1) 主语 + 助动词will + 动原 +…

2) 主语 + be going to + 动原 + ….

6. 过去将来时

概念:表示在过去将来的某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态.

构成:

1) 主语(第一人称) + 助动词should + 动原 +…

2) 主语 + would + 动原 + ….

3) 主语 + was/ were going to +动原…

用法:过去将来时除了上下文暗示外,一般常用在间接引语中,主句谓语动词为过去时态.

如: 1) i should go.

2) you knew i would come.

3) they were going to naning.

7. 现在完成时

概念:表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果.

构成:主语 + 助动词 ( have / has ) + 动词过去分词 +…

用法:

—have you had your lunch yet?

—yes, i have. (现在我不饿了)

8. 过去完成时

构成:主语 + 助动词 had + 动词过去分词 +…

概念:

1)、表示过去在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作.它表示的动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”.

2)表示过去某一时间可用by, before 等构成的短语,也可用when, before, 等引导的从句或者通过上下文表示.

如:

i had finished my homework when my mom came back home.

了解了这几种基本时态之后,你是不是已经学会了呢?小编给大家找来了几道(考查基本时态)的中考英语真题,同学们可以做一下,看看你能答对几题呢?如果能答对90%的话,相信你对时态的掌握已经很牢固了!

1. (2014·安徽·5)tom there for 10 months since he back to his hometown.

a. has lived;gets b. has lived;got

c. lived;go d. lived;has got

2. (2014·湖北枣阳·33) —where is your father?

—he shanghai on business for several days.

a. has been to b. has gone to

c. has been in d. has left for

3. (2014·江苏盐城 ·10) —do you know the young man well?

—sure,we friends since we met in nanjing three years ago.

a. have been b. were

c. have made d. have become

4. ( 2014·深圳·9) —let’s go to yang meikeng to enjoy the cool wind,?

—good idea. but i am afraid we can’t go there if it .

a. will you;rains b. will you;will rain

c. shall we;will rain d. shall we;rains

5. (2014·江苏江阴·8) mr blackshanghai this afternoon. do you know when the earliest plane to shanghai ?

a. is leaving for;takes off

b. will leave;takes off

c. is leaving for;is taking off

d. will leave;is taking off

6. (2013·广东)tim will call me as soon as hemy package.

a. receive b. will receive

c. received d. receives

7. (2013·山西)—dear,you need toto go to university at home or go abroad.

—ok,mum. i am considering it.

a. make an appointment

b. make a suggestion

c. make a decision

8. (2013·山西太原)don’tup english. it’s very useful.

a. give b. hurry c. stay

9. (2013·吉林)i need a new jacket. this one doesn’tthe cold.

a. help out b. take away

c. keep out d. give away

10. (2013·浙江)we have toour sports meeting till next week because of the heavy rain.

a. take off b. get off

c. put off d. set off

11. (2013·四川成都)chinese peoplekeep pigs for food. but now some people keep them as pets.

a. used to b. has to c. had better

12. (2013·河北) your name on the paper and you can get a gift.

a. cut down b. look down

c. turn down d. put down

13. (2013·江苏南京)he failed in the basketball match and looks sad. let’s .

a. put him up b. set him up

c. cheer him up d. clean him up

14. (2013·安徽)the sports meeting will be because of the bad weather.

a. put on b. put off

c. put up d. put down

【答案与解析】

1. b 解析:考查动词时态的用法。由连词since引导时间状语从句应该用一般过去时态,主句要用现在完成时态。故选b。

2. c 解析:考查have/has been in的用法。a项到某地去过;b项到某地去了;c项到某地去过一段时间;d项已经离开。由句意“他来上海做生意好几天了”判断,应该用has been in。故选c。

3. a 解析:考查动词的辨析用法。由从句中的连词判断,从句用一般过去时态,主句用现在完成时态。因为从三年前在南京就是好朋友,不是通过交朋友或成为朋友,所以排除b、c、d三项。故选a。

4. d 解析:考查交际应答和时态的用法。疑问句let’s…表示建议,应该用shall we?来提问。应答句是if引导的条件状语从句,根据主将从现原则,故选d。

5. a 解析:考查动词时态的用法。由第一句中的时间状语“this afternoon”判断,谓语动词用现在进行时态表示将要发生的动作,故选is leaving for。下一句表示习惯性的动作,应该用一般现在时态。故选a。

6. d 解析:考查动词的时态。句意:蒂姆一收到我的包裹就会给我打电话。as soon as引导的时间状语从句,主句用一般将来时,时间状语从句用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,故动词用三单形式。

7. c 解析:考查动词短语的辨析。句意:——宝贝,你需要做一个决定,在国内上大学还是出国。——好的,妈妈。我正在考虑。make an appointment约会;make a suggestion提建议;make a decision做决定。根据句意选c。

8. a 解析:考查动词短语辨析。give up放弃;hurry up快点;stay up熬夜。句意:不要放弃英语,它很重要。

9. c 解析:考查动词短语的辨析。句意:我需要一件新夹克,这一件不能抵挡寒冷。help out帮助克服困难;take away带走;keep out挡在外面;give away捐赠。根据句意选c。

10. c 解析:考查动词短语辨析。take off起飞;get off下车;put off推迟;set off出发。句意:因为下大雨,我们必须推迟运动会到下周。只有put off具有“推迟”意思,故选c。

11. a 解析:考查动词短语的辨析。句意:中国人过去喂养猪做食物,但是现在一些人把它们当宠物养。used to过去常常;has to不得不;had better最好。根据句意选a。

12. d 解析:考查动词短语辨析。cut down“砍倒”;look down“看不起”;turn down“关上”;put down“写下”。句意:写下你的名字,你就可以得到一个礼物。故选d。

13. c 解析:考查动词短语辨析。put up张贴,搭建;set up建立;cheer up使……振奋;clean up打扫干净。根据句意“他篮球赛输了,看起来很难过”,所以“我们要让他振作起来”。

14. b 解析:考查动词短语辨析。put on穿上;put off推迟,拖延;put up张贴,搭建,put down放下。句意:因为坏天气运动会被推迟了。故选b。

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